Cov hlau ductile yog tsim los ntawm spheroidizing thiab inoculating kom tau spheroidal graphite, uas zoo txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm cov hlau cam khwb cia. Tsis tas li ntawd, spheroidal graphite muaj qhov cuam tshuam me me ntawm cov hlau matrix, uas muab lub hauv paus rau kev txhim kho microstructure thiab cov khoom ntawm cov hlau hlau matrix los ntawm kev kho cua sov.
Metallographic tsom xam ntawm cov kav hlau yeeb nkab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev soj ntsuam cov khoom siv thiab kev tswj kom zoo. Cov txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab lub zog, tawv, thiab qaug zog ntawm cov khoom siv hlau, yog li ua kom cov khoom ntseeg tau thiab kev nyab xeeb. Kev ntsuam xyuas metallographic feem ntau suav nrog kev npaj ua qauv, kev soj ntsuam microscopic, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas duab.
01.Sample Npaj
Metallographic tsom xam ntawm cov khoom siv hlau ua ntej yuav tsum tau ua qauv npaj. Ib lub nplhaib yog txiav los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab hlau annealed, thiab ib daim kab xev ntev yog txiav los ntawm lub nplhaib. Cov qauv no yog tom qab ntawd hauv av, polished, thiab etched los pab txhawb kev soj ntsuam microscopic.
02.Metallographic Structure Test cov khoom thiab cov kev xav tau
Cov cuab yeej kuaj:Metallurgical microscope
①Sphericity Level
Tag nrho saum npoo nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam tau pom nyob rau hauv ib tug polished lub xeev ntawm ib tug magnification ntawm 100x. Tus nqi spheroidization tau txhais raws li qhov feem pua ntawm cov spheroidal graphite hais txog tus lej ntawm cov graphite tag nrho, thiab tau muab faib ua rau qib, nrog rau qib 1-3 suav tias tsim nyog.
|
Spheroidization Qib |
Kev piav qhia |
Spheroidization Rate |
|
Qib 1 |
Graphite yog kheej kheej, nrog me me ntawm daim ntawv agglomerated, thiab ib qho me me ntawm flocculent daim ntawv raug tso cai. |
Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 95% |
|
Qib 2 |
Feem ntau ntawm cov graphite yog kheej kheej; tus so yog agglomerated thiab tsawg heev ntawm flocculent |
90% |
|
Qib 3 |
Feem ntau ntawm cov graphite yog agglomerated; tus so yog flocculent, thiab ib qho me me ntawm vermicular daim ntawv tso cai |
80% |
|
Qib 4 |
Graphite yog dispersed nyob rau hauv vermicular, spherical, agglomerated thiab flocculent daim ntawv |
70% |
|
Qib 5 |
Graphite yog aggregated nyob rau hauv vermicular, flaky, spherical, agglomerated thiab flocculent daim ntawv |
60% |
|
Qib 6 |
Graphite yog aggregated nyob rau hauv flaky thiab vermicular cov ntaub ntawv, nrog ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm spherical daim ntawv. |
50% |
②Qhov loj ntawm graphite spheres
Qhov loj ntawm graphite spheres muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Txo txoj kab uas hla ntawm graphite spheres thiab nce tus naj npawb ntawm graphite spheres ib cheeb tsam tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog, plasticity, thiab toughness ntawm cov hlau ductile. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov graphite spheres yuav tsum tau sim ntawm unetched, polished metallographic specimens ntawm ib tug magnification ntawm 100x. Graphite loj yog qib 3 txog 8, nrog rau 6 txog 8 yog tus qauv siv tau.
| qib | Pom ntawm 100 × magnification, graphite ntev / hli | Qhov tseeb graphite ntev / hli |
|---|---|---|
| 3 | >25~50 | >0.25~0.5 |
| 4 | >12~25 | >0.12~0.25 |
| 5 | >6~12 | >0.06~0.12 |
| 6 | >3~6 | >0.03~0.06 |
| 7 | >1.5~3 | >0.015~0.03 |
| 8 | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 1.5 | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.015 |
③ Pearlite
Pearlite ntau yog hais txog tus txheeb ze ntawm pearlite rau ferrite (ferrite + pearlite=100%) . Nyob rau hauv ductile hlau, morphology ntawm pearlite feem ntau muab faib ua peb theem: ntxhib pearlite, lamellar pearlite, thiab zoo lamellar pearlite.
Raws li pearlite ua finer, lub zog thiab hardness ntawm ductile hlau nce. Yog hais tias lub matrix yog granular pearlite, ductile hlau tuav ib tug tej lub zog thaum exhibiting ntau dua plasticity.
④ Cementite
Hauv cov hlau nplaum, nws zoo li rab koob -zoo li, sawb-zoo li, lossis ledeburite.Cementite tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau nkig thiab txo nws cov elongation. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj thiab tshem tawm.
| Metallographic qauv tsim nyog tus qauv rau cov kav hlau kav: | |
| Yam khoom npe | Txuj Ci Txuj Ci |
|---|---|
| Spheroidization Qib | Qib 1 ~ 3 |
| Graphite Sphere Loj | Qib 6 ~ 8 |
| Pearlite | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 15% |
| Cementite | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 3% |
JINTAI Casting nruj me ntsis ua tag nrho - cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov khoom kom ntseeg tau tias txhua kauj ruam ua tau raws li cov qauv hauv tebchaws.
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